电厂低氮燃烧器的具体改造措施

前面的文章我们基本了解了在改造前电厂低氮燃烧器的一些基本情况，接下来呢，我们就来谈谈电厂低氮燃烧器的具体改造措施。我们将电厂低氮燃烧器的改造分为以下四点：
In the previous article, we had a basic understanding of some basic conditions of the low-nitrogen burner in the power plant before the renovation. Next, we will talk about the specific modification measures of the low-nitrogen burner in the power plant. The transformation of the low-nitrogen burner in the power plant is divided into the following four points:

1、水平方向偏转调整分离式燃尽风
1. Horizontal deflection adjustment of separated exhaust air

分离式燃尽风每一层都分为3个小风室，每个风室装有的燃尽风喷嘴都是可调节的，并可以大范围的在水平方向进行调整，由手动完成。炉膛运行时有一定要求的，为了保证燃尽风喷嘴在倾斜角度调整上能够符合这些要求，这些喷嘴的水平方向倾斜调节角度要严格按照炉膛的转角形状进行限制。通常情况下，燃尽风喷嘴应顺时针倾斜为确保炉膛内的燃烧效率，因为如果不倾斜的直向燃尽风喷口喷出燃亮气体后，就会导致三个喷出的燃料风相互影响，直接导致原本配好的煤粉与空气之间的组织结构被破坏。但是如果将燃尽风的喷口倾斜设置，就能够确保喷口喷出的燃料风在炉膛内顺时针旋转，这样就能保证燃料风燃烧的正常运行。也就是说在启动试验的开始阶段和低NOx同轴燃烧系统调试过程中能够确定分离式燃尽风喷口水平方向偏转的最佳角度，一旦确定了这个水平方向偏转的最佳角度，在以后的运行中就不必重新调整了。以上所说的是顺时针倾斜的情况，但在实际情况中也有少数逆时针倾斜的分层分离式燃尽风，电厂一般不会采用这种方式工作，因为这种逆时针倾斜方式会导致燃烧器中的燃料风逆时针旋转，与地球自转相反，不能使燃料充分燃烧。
Separated exhaust air each layer is divided into three small air Chambers, each of which is equipped with an adjustable exhaust air nozzle, and can be adjusted in a wide range of horizontal direction by hand. Run at a certain requirements of the hearth, in order to guarantee the burning wind nozzle on the tilt Angle adjustment can meet these requirements, the nozzle to adjust the horizontal tilt Angle in strict accordance with the chamber of a stove or furnace to limit the corner shape. Normally, burning wind nozzle should be clockwise tilted in order to ensure the combustion efficiency inside the furnace, because if not tilt straight to burning wind blast after burning gas, can lead to three jet fuel wind influence each other, as a direct result of originally with good organization structure between the pulverized coal and air are destroyed. However, if the exhaust air nozzle is tilted, it can ensure that the fuel air from the nozzle rotates clockwise in the furnace, thus ensuring the normal operation of fuel air combustion. That is to say, at the beginning of the start experiment and low NOx coaxial combustion system can determine the separate burning wind vents in the process of debugging the best Angle, horizontal deflection once you determine the best Angle of horizontal deflection, in the later in the operation of the don't have to readjust. Said above is clockwise tilted condition, but in reality there are a few counter-clockwise tilted layered separate burning wind and power plants generally do not work in this way, because this way counterclockwise tilt causes of fuel in the burners wind counterclockwise, in contrast to the earth's rotation, can't make the fuel burn adequately.

2、垂直方向偏转调整分离式燃尽风
2.Vertical deflection adjusts separate exhaust air

要实现对偏转的调整，得通过调节分离式燃尽风喷口的连接杆并在水平方向调节，连接杆直接连接在每一个分离式燃尽风喷嘴的本体上。每一层分离式燃尽风风室的下面有两个分离式燃尽风喷嘴，在水平方向调整连接杆，并将它们分别连接到特有的曲柄结构上，这个曲柄结构是以固定在燃尽风风箱旁边的定位销为转轴的结构。每一层分离式燃尽风风箱里的3个喷嘴和3个连接曲柄结构都要连接到这层的分离式燃尽风风箱的这个垂直偏转驱动结构连接杆上。而每一层分离式燃尽风的风室里最上层的喷嘴曲柄都要连接到一个“穿过风箱一侧连接到风箱外部驱动结构的转轴”上。
To realize the adjustment of deflection, the connecting rod of the separated exhaust air nozzle can be directly connected to the body of each separate exhaust air nozzle by adjusting the connecting rod of the separated exhaust air nozzle and adjusting the horizontal direction. Each layer separate burning wind wind chamber below, there are two separate burning wind nozzle, adjust the connection rod in horizontal direction, and connect them to the characteristic of the crank structures, the crank structure is fixed by the burning wind bellows locating pin for the structure of the shaft. The three nozzles and three connecting crank structures in each separate layer are connected to the vertical deflecting drive structure connecting rod of the separate exhaust fan box in this layer. The upper nozzle crank in each separate layer of exhaust air chamber is connected to a "shaft connecting through the side of the bellows to the external drive structure of the bellows".

3、利用火焰附着式煤粉燃烧器喷嘴
3. Use flame attached coal burner nozzle

附着式火焰煤粉燃烧器喷嘴利用减少煤粉流着火点离喷嘴的距离，对于控制氮化气体的产生起到一定的辅助作用。而这个流程的实现需要空气偏导器的帮助，在喷嘴出口位置安装空气偏导器起到增大喷口区域的气流阻力作用，并能够有效的简短煤粉流着火点离喷嘴的距离。通过调节风室风门的开合度来拉进着火点被喷嘴的距离，二次风就可以吹向煤粉流的周围和后面，这样对燃料风的内部组成结构也形成控制，从而确定喷嘴喷出的燃料风火焰的形状。对炉膛内火焰形状的准确控制是满足炉膛内燃料燃烧需求的基础，把整个低NOx同轴燃烧系统当作一个整体，这个整体被控制时，火焰附着式煤粉燃烧器喷嘴的操作就与调节到适当的煤粉燃烧器喷嘴出口的一次风风速和风量以及适当的煤粉细度密切相关。利用燃料风翻板门的开度在燃烧调节试验中调整并维持适当的着火点位置来实现优化。
By reducing the distance between the ignition point of coal powder flow and the nozzle, the attached flame coal burner nozzle plays an auxiliary role in controlling the generation of nitriding gas. And the process of implementation needs the help of air deflector, in nozzle exit location to install the air deflector increasing the vent area of turbulence effect, and can effectively brief pulverized coal stream ignition of the distance from the nozzle. By adjusting the opening degree of wind chamber damper to pull into the ignition distance of the nozzle, secondary air can blow to the pulverized coal flow around and behind, so that the wind of the internal structure and control of fuel, so as to determine the fuel nozzle wind of the shape of the flame. Accurate control of the shape of the flame in the hearth is the basis of meet the demand of the fuel burning in the hearth, the whole low NOx coaxial combustion system as a whole, the overall control, the operation of the attached type pulverized coal flame burner nozzle and adjust to the appropriate pulverized coal burner nozzle exit of a wind wind speed and air volume and proper pulverized coal fineness is closely related. The optimization is realized by using the opening degree of the fuel air flap door to adjust and maintain the proper ignition point position in the combustion regulation test.

通过对4个风箱的统一控制，每一个喷嘴的火焰形状都会受到严格精确的控制，从而确保对炉膛内火焰的燃烧温度、接触面积以及形状进行准确控制，满足了电厂需求。
Through the unified control of the four bellows, every the flame shape of nozzle is strictly accurate control, to ensure that the combustion temperature of the flame in the hearth and the contact area and shape for precise control, meet the demand of the power plant.

4、水平分级配风技术的应用
4. Application of horizontal grading ventilation technology

技术不断在改造，电厂中推广了应用水平分级配风技术。水平分级配风技术是将在炉膛中的一部分二次风从主燃烧区抽离出来，减少了煤粉与风也就是煤粉流之间的接触，从而降低了煤粉流挥发出的阶段燃烧化学当量比，使煤粉流在自然挥发中生成高富燃料的火焰，维持炉膛水冷壁周围的氧化性氛围。这种方法不但能通过维持炉膛水冷壁周围的氧化性气氛，使炉膛内腐蚀和结渣的几率降低，从而使水冷壁保持相对干净，而且这种方法会使二次风与煤粉流不再接触，间接的对NOx的产生进行有效的控制，这样燃烧结束后就不会产生过多的有害污染物，契合了当下社会提倡的环保生产绿色经济发展的观念。

The technology is being improved continuously, and the technology of horizontal grading air distribution has been popularized in power plants. Horizontal classification air distribution technology is part of the secondary air in furnace from the main combustion zone, reduce the coal and wind, that is, the contact between the pulverized coal flow, which reduces the volatilization pulverized coal flow out of the stage combustion chemical equivalent ratio, Grosvenor LTD is generated in the pulverized coal flow in the natural volatile fuel flame, and maintain the furnace water wall surrounding the oxidizing atmosphere. This method can not only by maintaining the furnace water wall surrounding the oxidizing atmosphere, reduce the probability of corrosion and slagging in the hearth, keeping water wall relatively clean, and this method can make the secondary air and pulverized coal flow no longer contact, indirect for effective control of NOx, so after the burning will not have too much harmful pollutants, to fit the current social advocate environmental protection in the production of green economy development concept.